Carbureter.



J. A. PAULL.

cAmsUnETLB.. x

` APPLICATION FILED JULY 20. 1909.

Patented Jan. 3, y1911.

UNITED lsTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.I

JOHN ALPHEAUS/PAULL, O IPSWICH, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR 0F GNE-HALF T0 DIXONHEPWORTH, 0F MARINE VILLA, ENGLAND.

CABBURETEB.

Specification o! Letters Patent.

Bamm-.ed Jan. 3,- 1911.

Application led .Tuly 20, 1909. Serial lo. 508,608.

ain and Ireland, and residing at '745 Woodbridge road, Ipswich, inthecounty of Suffolk, England, have invented cert-ain new and usefulImprovements in Carbureters for Internal-Combustion Engines, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carbureters, its obiect beingto provide a carbureter adapted for use with pressure feed either froman elevated tank by gravity or by spring means.

A. further object of the invention is to arranfe the device so that itmay operate in any positioninverted if desired.

The invention consists in a carbureter in which a body portion isprovided withan oi] retaining chamber fed directly by oil underpressure, said chamber communieating with curved grooves in the face ofthe body portion and in which a rotary valve is provided with very tineperforations adapted to be moved successively over the groovesA so thatoil'lodged in the grooves may be sprayed directly into the interior ofthe carbureter and with air ports adapted to open correspondingly withthe oilperforations.

' Referring now to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectionalelevation of a carbureter according to one form of my invention; Fig. 2is a section on the line Ae-A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan of the top ofthe body portion with the valve and other parts removed in order thatthe curved grooves may be clearly seen. Fig. 4 represents anotherconstruction of carburetor embodying my invention. A

In carrying the invention into eiect according to the forni illustratedin the Figs.

1, 2 and 3,'I provide a body portion, a, in

which I form an oil retaining chamber, e.

To this chamber oil is led through a hole, b,

from a petroltank situated at a convenientl height above the level ofthe carbureter so as to provide a pressure head for feeding fuel to thechamber, e. The oil chamber, e, communicates with two curved grooves, f,extending to the turned face on the body part.' 'Each curved grooveextends less than a quarter of acircle. A ainst the face of the bodypart a correspon ingly turned face of a valve, c, is heldvby suitablemeans such for example as a spring, d, act-ing on a collar, g on thevalve stem, h. This s ring must be of suilicient strength to hol thevalve against the face notwithstanding the suction of the engine. At thecircumference of the valve there is provided an upwardly extendingflange, i, which ts within a sleeve, j, secured between the fixed bodyportion, a., and the cap, k, to which theinduction pipe, l, isconnected.l The parts, k,

j and a, may be secured together by any suitable means such for exampleas two or more long studs (not shown) extending from the top of thebody, a, through holes vin the flange of the cap, lc, and having nutswhereby the cap is irmly clamped to the body part, the sleeve, j, actingas a distance piece. In the valve face adjacent to the body portion anumber of holes, n, of a diameter corresponding to the width of thegrooves, f, are drilled, these holes being arranged on arcs of a clrclecorresponding to the curved grooves. The holes, n, however are onlyextended about half way through the valve of the same diameter as at theunder face, the remaining part of the metal being perforated by a verytine. hole, o, say about 1/80th of an inch in diameter. The sleeve, y',has formed in it two ports, m, m, the positions of which correspond withthose of the grooves, f. In the ange, z', similar ports, p, are formed.In the normal inoperative or closed position of the carbureter the valveis situated so that its holes, n, o, are opposite a plain portion of theturned face, g, so that no oil can passthrough them into the carbureter,similarly the air ports, p, are closed. If now the valve be given aslight rotary movement one of the oil holes will come opposite one ofthe rooves, f, and the air port, p, will open sligtly. The eii'ectof'this is to produce a small quantity of -combustible mixture the oilbeing forced by gravity and by the suction of the engine as a Eme sprayinto the incoming air. If the valve be moved slightly farther stillanother jet will come into play by the 'passage of a hole over the otheroil groove and the air port will open a little more. This operation maybe repeated until the maximum delivery of oil and the 'maximum admissionof air takes place. It will be understood that there are as manyintermediate ported in ball bearings, 7' an any convement manner.

tary movements of the valve may be engine with greatprecision.. Thecap,l lc,

is preferably provided with'4 an inwardly extending tubular part, s,against whlch the incomingi airis deiiected across the path of the jetsthe whole mixture being then preferably guided toward the induction pipeby a conical head, t on .the valve. port, p, is preferably of suchalength (see Fig. 2) that after all the jets have been put intooperation. further movement of the spindle shall aduall close olf the-jetsln succession wit outre ucing the area of the air port. f' Bythisarrangement the whole of the jets may be cut o' but the maximum areaof air inlet will still be maintained; This enables the richness of themixture to be varied. The spindle is preferably supu, mounted in Thecarbureter may be situated in lany position or at any angle, the spindleof theavalve being supported in a manner which prevents it from tiltingand the-joint at the rotary valve face may be kept petrol tight withoutundue spring pressure being employed. The. r0-

ven by a lever, w, or any other suitable devlce. 11n the modification of'the invention shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings the liquid fuel, such asoil, is drawn through the eduction pipe, 7, bythe suction of the engineandpasses preferably through a strainer, 8,

. of cotton wool or the like placed within the body member, a. The oilthen passes to the grooves, f, in the body member'to the holes, n, andperforations, o, in the rotary valve, c,

, which is similar to that already described feo . with reference toFig. l; On emerging from vthe perforations o as a fine s ray the oil iscarried into the chamber 10 ormed within the shell, 1, by the airadmitted from the air inlet chamber, 9, through the space between theshell, l, and the upper surfaceof the rotary valve, c. The air and fuelbeing then thoroughly 'mixedin the chamber, 10,`

pass through openings m in the shell, 1', to an outer-chamber, 11, fromwhence the mixturej passes through holes p in the carbureter casing, tothe pipe, 12, which leads to the combustion engine. The amount of airpassing from the chamber, 9, to the mlxin chamber, 10, is regulated bythey perforate shell, l, which moves vertically within the cylindricalpart, of the carbureter casing,

lso as to vary the annular opening between the shell, 1, and the uppersurfacey of the rotary valve, c, and thus cause the air to flow directlyoverA the fuel or oil inlets, o, at a high velocity. By this means thesprayed fuel 'is thoroughly mixedl withair and all .possibility of' fuelin' the solid state being The air carried over to the4 engine iseliminated. The vertical movements of the shell', 1, are effectedsimultaneously with the rotation of the rotary valve, c, by o erating,preferably, a singlelever, uy. This ever is provided on its 'under sidewith several tongue pieces, 2, which engage between similar pieces, 14,carried by a sleeve, 3, which is concentric with the spindle, le, bywhich the'rotary valve c is connected tothe lever, w.- The outer surfaceof the sleeve, 3, is formed with Va square threaded screw'of large pitchengaging with 'a corresponding screw formed internally in the cover, k,of the carbureter casing, this cover being screwed on to the casingpart, By moving the lever fw in a horizontal plane when in engagement'with the spindle h, Yand sleeve, 3, the latter is caused to movevertically and when descending pushes the shell, 1, downward and thusshuts off the air supply. A s ring, 4, placed between the valve, c, andshe 1,'presses. the -former on the valve face of thebody member, a, andat the same time holds the shell in contact with the sleeve, 3, orcover, k, or preferably in contact with a number of rings 6 separated byball bearings, 5, and placed between the art, lc, and the shell, 1, soas to reduce the iction.l It Awill thus be seen that when t-he sleeve,3, is moved upward by rotation ofthel lever, w, the-s ring 4, willcause'the shell, 1,- 'to follow the eeve and increase the air inletopenin On a 'further rotation of the sleeve, 3, an valve, c, themaximumnumber of fuel inlets, o, are opened, the shell, 1, being then atthe upper limit of'its movement z'. e. the air inlet opening is at itsmaximum, and on further rotating the lever, w, the valve c only is movedto reduce the number of fuel inlets open while the air admission remainsat its maximum. This continues as the sleeve, 3, is withdrawn from thecover, c, until the tongue pieces, 14', come into contact with the underside of the lever, w, when any further rotation of the valve, c, isprevented. It will be seen that the incoming air in the chamber, 9,warms 'the petrol in the strainer,'8, and thus assists the vaporization.The rate of flow of etrol through the-strainer can be regulated y the4amount of compression put on the -cottonwool or other substance of whichthe strainer is made.l The details of the construction are evident fromthe illustration and need not be further described in detail.

Although in the drawings two series of fine perforations are shown,three'or more series equidistantly spaced may be'used lif,

desired according to the rate of spraying re uired.

. n important feature of the invention "is ceases I taking placedirectly from a tank by gravity or by pressure produced by a spring,compressed air or the'like.

It will' be seen that by the invention not only may the operatorregulate accurately the quantity of mixture passing tothe engine but hemay also vary the proportion of fuel to air and if desired may stop theoil flowlentirely although permitting a maximum iow of air to the engineat each of 'its suction strokes. l

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. Carbureter comprising in combination abody member, having one face thereof grooved, means for feeding oilunder pressure to said grooved face, a valve in contact with said face,fine perforat-ions through said valve arranged to be broughtsuccessively over the grooved part of said body member as the valve ismoved whereby a definite quantity of oil is sprayed directly into thecarbureter and means for admitting air into the carbureter, these meansbeing controlled by the movements of said valve to open correspondinglywith the oil perforations.

Q. Carbureter comprising in combination a body member, having one facethereof grooved, means for feeding oil under pressure to said groovedface, a rotary valve in contact with said face, fine perforationsthrough said valve arranged to be brought successively over the groovedpart of said 'body member as the valve is moved whereby a definitequantity of oil is sprayed directly into the carbureter and means foradniit-ting air into the carbureter, these means being controlled by themovements of said valve to open correspondingly with t-he oilperforations, said controlling means after the maximum'number of oilperforations have been opened allowing said ,perforations to be closedsuccessively while maintaining maxivmum flow of air.

3. A carbureter comprising in combination a body member having an oilretaining chamber therein fed directly with oil under pressure, groovesin a face of said body member communicating with said oil retainingchamber, a rotary valve in contact with said face said valve having fine.perforations therein arranged to be brought successively over thegrooves in the face o'f said body member as the valve is rotated wherebya definite quantity of oil is sprayedv directly into the carbureter, airadmission means and operating means controlling both the air admissionmeans and rotary valve, whereby on actuating said operating means theair admission means are caused to open correspondingly with theoilfperforations.

4. A carbureter comprising in combination a body member having an oilretaining chamber therein fed directly with oil under pressure, groovesin a face of said. body member communicating with said oil retainingchamber, a rotary valve in contact with said face, an operating spindletherefor, fine perforations through said valve arranged so as to bebrought successively over the grooves onthe face ofsaid body member asthe valve is moved by means of said valve operating spindle, whereby adefinite quantit-y of oil is sprayed direct-ly into the carbureter, airadmission means and means for controlling and givingl said air admissionmeans a vertical movement simultaneously with the rotation of saidrotary valve whereby said air admission means open correspondingly withthe oil perforations, and means whereby on the' maximum number of oilperforations being opened, said air admission means remain stationarywith a i5 maximum opening and allow a further rotation of the valvespindle to close only the oil perforations.

5. A carbureter comprising in combination a body member having an oilretaining chamber therein fed directly with oil under pressure andgrooves in a face of said body member communicating with said oilretaining chamber, a rotary valve in cont-act with said face and a valveoperating spindle for said rotary valve, said valve having holes thereinof a width substantially equal to that of the grooves in the body memberand opening into thercarbureter in fine perforations, the holes beingarranged to be brought successively over the grooves in the body memberas the valve is moved whereby a definite' quantity of oil is sprayedinto the carbureter, and means moving vertically on said spindle toyadmit air to the 'carbureter and change 105 the velocity -of the air asit passes over the ne oil perforations in said rotary valve, whereby onrotating said valve the air admission means move vertically on saidspindle to admit an amount of air corresponding to the number of oilperforations open and on the maximum number ofA the latter being opensaid air admission means allow amaximum flow of air while a furthermovement of the rotary valve reduces only the number of oil perforationsopen.

6. A carbureter comprising in combina'- tion a body n ieinber, an oilretaining chamber in said body member fed directly by oil underVpressure, a strainer in said chamber, grooves in a face of said bodymember com municating with said oil retaining chamber,

a rotary valve in contact with said face, fine perforations through saidvalveV arranged so as to be brought successively over the grooves in theface of said body member as the valve is moved whereby the quantity ofoil sprayed can be controlled, an a-ir chamber surrounding said oilretaining chamber, a chamber in said body member into which screwthreaded spin the oil is sprayed, aV spindle for operating said rotaryva ve, means admitting air to the carbureter com rising an externally econcentric with said rotary valve spindle and a valve part normallymoving with lsaid screwed spindle lever means adapted to engage withboth of said spindles whereby on rotating said spindles by-meas` of thelever means said valve part is moved vertically to admit an amount ofair corresponding to the number of oil perforations open and on themaximum number of the latterbein open said valve part no longer moveswit said concentric l spindle whereby a maximum air admission 15 with adecreas' g number of oil perforations open is maintained.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo witnesses.

JOHN ALPHEAUS PAULLJ Witnesses: f

SIDNEY B. W. VINNELL, D. GARLAND.

